Five days later he entered Viterbo, where he dwelt in the citadel. On 14 September, 1366, he informed the emperor of his determination to return to Rome. Five days later he entered Viterbo, where he dwelt in the citadel. He was a great patron of learning, founded universities at Cracow (by a Bull of 1364) and at Vienna (by a Bull of 1365), and caused the emperor to create the University of Orange; he revised the statutes of the University of Orléans; and gave great assistance to the universities of Avignon and Toulouse. On 29 March, 1363, Pierre de Lusignan, King of Cyprus and titular King of Jerusalem, appeared at Avignon to appeal for assistance against the Turks, and on 31 March (Good Friday) Urban preached the Crusade and gave the cross to the Kings of France, Denmark, and Cyprus; the chivalrous King John, who was to have been chief commander, died a quasi-prisoner at London in 1364, and though the King of Cyprus captured Alexandria (11 Oct., 1365), he was unable to hold the city. At Bologna he supported the great college founded by Albornoz and paid the expenses of many poor students whom he sent thither. He also founded a studium at Trets (later removed to Manosque), but his greatest foundations were at Montpellier. In a Bull of 26 June he had told the Romans that his departure was motived by his desire to be useful to the Universal Church and to the country to which he was going. He was not a cardinal. The editor of New Advent is Kevin Knight. He became abbot of Saint-Germain, Auxerre, in 1352 and of Saint-Victor, Marseille, in 1361. In 1366 he solemnly excommunicated them, forbade their employment, and called on the emperor and all the powers of Christendom to unite for their extirpation. His body was buried in Notre-Dame des Doms at Avignon but was removed two years later, in accordance with his own wish, to the Abbey Church of St. Victor at Marseilles. His cultus was approved by Pius IX in 1870.
Grimoard was born in Grizac in the Languedoc region of France.[2]. On 4 June the Romans brought the keys of Sant' Angelo in sign of welcome, and the Gesuati carrying their branches in their hands and headed by their founder, Blessed John Colombini, preceded the pope. On 5 Sept., 1370, "sad, suffering and deeply moved", Urban embarked at Corneto. Thus, on April 30, 1367, he left Avignon, arriving at Rome on the following October 15.
He was the sixth of the seven popes who lived in Avignon in France. Dedicated to the Immaculate Heart of Mary.CONTACT US | ADVERTISE WITH NEW ADVENT. Remy Lafort, S.T.D., Censor. Nihil Obstat. The basilicas and papal palaces were restored and decorated, and the Papal treasure, which had been preserved at Assisi since the days of Boniface VIII, was distributed to the city churches. Pope Urban V (reigned 1362–70) attempted to reestablish the papacy in Rome in 1367, but after a stay of only three years he returned to Avignon and soon died. Pope Urban V (Latin: Urbanus Quintus; 1310 – December 19, 1370), born Guillaume Grimoard, was a French cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 201st Pope from 1362 until his death in 1370. The French cardinals were in despair at the prospect of leaving France, and even threatened to desert the pope. His brother, whom he prompted to the cardinalate, was acknowledged by all to be a man most worthy of the dignity. War had broken out again between France and England, and the desire to bring about peace strengthened the pope's determination. Urban also felt the reunion of the Eastern and Western churches was urgently important and that negotiations with the patriarch of Constantinople would be facilitated if the papacy were back in Rome. Meanwhile, the Anglo-French war resumed in 1369, and renewed strife in Rome and the Papal States led Urban to decide to return in September 1370 to Avignon. On 30 April, 1367, Urban left Avignon; on 19 May he sailed from Marseilles, and after a long coasting voyage he reached Corneto, where he was met by Albornoz. On 21 Oct. the pope and emperor entered Rome together, the latter humbly leading the pontiff's mule. The return of the pope to Rome appeared to the contemporary world both as a great event and as a religious action. The pope's private life was that of a monk, and he was always accessible to those who sought his aid. Transcription. [2], In 1367, the pope traveled from Avignon to Rome. 15. The basilicas and papal palaces were restored and decorated, and the Papal treasure, which had been preserved at Assisi since the days of Boniface VIII, was distributed to the city churches. In 1327, he became a Benedictine monk.
Charles V joyfully sent a fleet of richly adorned galleys to Corneto; the pope did not long survive his return (24 Sept.) to Avignon. Please help support the mission of New Advent and get the full contents of this website as an instant download. Pope Urban was involved in Italian and European political disputes. At heart, too, the pope had all a Frenchman's love for his country, and his French entourage urged his return to Avignon. The betrothal of the Queen of Naples to James of Majorca was signed on 14 Dec.
New York: Robert Appleton Company. On 17 October, 1368, the emperor joined the pope at Viterbo. Guillaume de Grimoard was chosen for his virtue and learning, and for his skill in practical affairs of government and diplomacy.
On Sept. 28, 1362, he was elected successor to Innocent VI and was crowned at Avignon, seat of the papacy from 1309 to 1377.
Peace was concluded in March, 1364; Barnabò restored the castles seized by him, while Urban withdrew the excommunication and undertook to pay half a million gold florins. On 17 October, 1368, the emperor joined the pope at Viterbo.
One of Urban's first acts was to change the Roman constitution, but it may be questioned whether "the sacrifice offered to the Pontiff as the reward of his return was the liberty of the people" (Gregorovius).
My email address is webmaster at newadvent.org. MLA citation. The new Pope Urban V proved a wise choice. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. My email address is webmaster at newadvent.org. The crusading spirit was dead in Europe. His brother, whom he prompted to the cardinalate, was acknowledged by all to be a man most worthy of the dignity. Born of a knightly family, he was educated at Montpellier and Toulouse, and became a Benedictine monk at the little priory of Chirac near his home. It may be, too, that the pope saw that the next conclave would be free at Avignon but not in Italy. On 4 June the Romans brought the keys of Sant' Angelo in sign of welcome, and the Gesuati carrying their branches in their hands and headed by their founder, Blessed John Colombini, preceded the pope. The pope now set to work to improve the material and moral condition of his capital. Miracles multiplied around his tomb. With this date begins his diplomatic career. Urban V. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. His canonization was demanded by King Waldemar of Denmark and promised by Gregory XI as early as 1375, but did not take place owing to the disorders of the time. Omissions? (1912). Urban V was a man of austere life and great piety. Both countries were overrun by mercenary bands known as the "Free Companies", and the pope made many efforts to secure their dispersal or departure. Some of these were Pope Urban IV and Pope Urban VI.
Regrettably, I can't reply to every letter, but I greatly appreciate your feedback — especially notifications about typographical errors and inappropriate ads. October 1, 1912. He was one of the greatest canonists of his day; was professor of canon law at Montpellier, and also taught at Toulouse, Paris, and Avignon; he acted successively as vicar-general of the Dioceses of Clermont and Uzès, was at an unknown date (before 1342) affiliated to Cluny, became prior of Notre-Dame du Pré (a priory dependent on St. Germain d'Auxerre), and in 1352 was named abbot of that famous house by Clement VI. On 14 September, 1366, he informed the emperor of his determination to return to Rome. Copyright © 2020 by Kevin Knight.
But Urban was a patriotic Frenchman, a defect in the universal father of Christendom.
Since 1869 papal coinage has been mainly of a commemorative…, …to return to Rome, which Urban V did in 1367 on a visit. War had broken out again between France and England, and the desire to bring about peace strengthened the pope's determination. At Bologna he supported the great college founded by Albornoz and paid the expenses of many poor students whom he sent thither. The Spanish war was quickly ended, and Urban returned to his former plan of employing the companies against the Turk. On 17 October, 1368, the emperor joined the pope at Viterbo. The restlessness of the towns was exemplified by the revolt of Perugia, which had to be crushed by force; any chance storm might undo the work of the great legate. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15214a.htm Contact information. Webster, D.R. He fortified Castelfranco Emilia on the Mantuan frontier and commissioned Vincenzo Maculani to fortify the Castel Sant'Angelo in Rome.
Transcription. Several years later, he became a priest in his very own church. On 21 Oct. the pope and emperor entered Rome together, the latter humbly leading the pontiff's mule. On 1 Nov. Charles acted as deacon at the Mass at which Urban crowned the empress. The unemployed were put to work in the neglected gardens of the Vatican, and corn was distributed in seasons of scarcity; at the same time the discipline of the clergy was restored, and the frequentation of the sacraments encouraged. The French cardinals were in despair at the prospect of leaving France, and even threatened to desert the pope. He was ordained at Chirac, and after a further course of theology and canon law at the universities of Toulouse, Montpellier, Paris, and Avignon, he received the doctorate in 1342. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Blessed-Urban-V, Web Gallery of Art - Biography of Blessed Urban V. Ecclesiastical approbation. On 30 April, 1367, Urban left Avignon; on 19 May he sailed from Marseilles, and after a long coasting voyage he reached Corneto, where he was met by Albornoz. He was given the birthname of Guillaume de Grimoard and was the son of a revered knight. (1912). Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... What battle ended the Emperor Napoleon’s rule? Grimoard was elected pope on September 28, 1362; and he chose to be called Pope Urban. His body was buried in Notre-Dame des Doms at Avignon but was removed two years later, in accordance with his own wish, to the Abbey Church of St. Victor at Marseilles. MLA citation. On 29 March, 1363, Pierre de Lusignan, King of Cyprus and titular King of Jerusalem, appeared at Avignon to appeal for assistance against the Turks, and on 31 March (Good Friday) Urban preached the Crusade and gave the cross to the Kings of France, Denmark, and Cyprus; the chivalrous King John, who was to have been chief commander, died a quasi-prisoner at London in 1364, and though the King of Cyprus captured Alexandria (11 Oct., 1365), he was unable to hold the city. A year later the Emperor of the East, John V Palaeologus, came to Rome seeking assistance against the infidel; he abjured the schism and was received by Urban on the steps of St. Peter's. The death of Albornoz (24 Aug., 1367), who had made his return to Italy possible, had been a great loss. John also desired to intervene between the pope and Barnabò Visconti, tyrant of Milan. His buildings and restorations were considerable, especially at Avignon, Rome, and Montpellier. The pope now set to work to improve the material and moral condition of his capital. For more than a century pope and emperor had not appeared thus in amity.