In 1912, Bihar and Orissa were carved out as a separate province from the Bengal Presidency. He was the son of Brihadratha, Vedic king. King Pasenadi, king of neighbouring Kosala and brother-in-law of King Bimbisara, promptly retook the gift of the Kashi province. Thus, if Alexander were to march any further east, he would have had have to reckon with a mighty kingdom having the full resources of the entire northern India under its control; Magadha's army consisted of 20,000 cavalry, 200,000 infantry, 2,000 chariots, and 3,000 elephants. Alexander the Great, Ptolemaic Coin of Alexandria. After his death, all the imprisoned Kings were released and Lord Krishna installed his more virtuous son to succeed his throne, making him the ally of Indraprastha. [1], Some scholars have identified the Kīkaṭa tribe—mentioned in the Rigveda (3.53.14) with their ruler Pramaganda—as the forefathers of Magadhas because Kikata is used as synonym for Magadha in the later texts;[2] Like the Magadhas in the Atharvaveda, the Rigveda speaks of the Kikatas as a hostile tribe, living on the borders of Brahmanical India, who did not perform Vedic rituals. "Magadha Kingdom." [citation needed], This region of Greater Magadha had a culture and belief system of its own that predated Hinduism. It continued to be an important kingdom, however, and was counted among the 16 principal states of ancient India. When the Buddha died and his remains were distributed among his disciples, a major share fell to Ajatashatru who was the most powerful king of that period. Gupta empire further weaken was undermined by the rise of the feudatories. Please support Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation. The Koshal king was forced to purchase peace by giving his daughter in marriage to Ajatashatru and also giving him Kashi. Throughout his time he followed an aggressive policy of expansion. The last king of Shisunaga Dynasty was overthrown by Mahapadma, the founder of Nanda dynasty. He attacked Bihar and burnt Nalanda University and Vikramshila University, he burnt a lot of books which were about the glorious past of Great Magadha(Bihar). = After the commencement of Kaliyuga, A.Y. [20], Magadha and other Mahajanapadas in the post-Vedic period, Territorial expansion of the Magadha empires 6th century BCE onwards, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Rigvedic history: poets, chieftains, and polities, "Lumbini Development Trust: Restoring the Lumbini Garden", "Review of Bronkhorst, Johannes, Greater Magadha: Studies in the Culture of Early India", "Mahavamsa : the great chronicle of Ceylon", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Magadha&oldid=983527230, 4th-century BC disestablishments in India, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Articles needing additional references from September 2015, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles needing rewrite from March 2016, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2016, Articles containing Sanskrit-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2016, Bihar articles missing geocoordinate data, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Darbhaka or Darshaka or Harshaka (25 years), This page was last edited on 14 October 2020, at 19:00. He didn’t expand kingdom further but kept the vast empire intact. Around 480 CE, Alcon Huns under Toramana and Mihirakula broke through the Gupta defenses in the North West and much of the empire was overrun by Huns during 500 CE. He had good relations with Avanti. When Bakhtiyar Khilji was came Magadha for searching booty. Some believes that they first concentrated in the region of Magadha and from there they extended their sway to Bengal. There is nothing noticeable happened after that and Haryanka Dynasty was followed by Shihunaga dynasty around 413 BCE. Gopala conquered Magadha, and it remained the part of Pala empire for a centuries. Jain texts tell how Ajatashatru used two new weapons: a catapult, and a covered chariot with swinging mace that has been compared to a modern tank. The eastern provinces – Magadha, Gauda and Vanga were soon after subjected to devastating raids by other strong powers. His greatest success was, victory of the Licchavis after 16 years of war. "Magadha Kingdom." We need to follow the history of Bihar to know what happened at Magadha.) This website uses cookie or similar technologies, to enhance your browsing experience and provide personalised recommendations. Magadha was at greatest extent at the time of Dhana Nanda, extended from Bengal in the east, to Punjab in the West and as far south as the Vindhya Range. The most important sources are the Buddhist Pāli Canon, the Jain Agamas and the Hindu Puranas. and murdered. The mighty Magadha kingdom had given way to a kingdom even more powerful: the Mauryan Empire. Shishunaga was succeeded by his son, during whose reign the Second Buddhist Council was held in Magadha. The first one was Haryanaka dynasty (544 BC to 412 BC), second one was Shisunaga Dynasty (412 BC to 344 BC) and the third one was Nanda dynasty (344 BC-322 BC). Kanva rulers after Bhumimitra, ruled peacefully. After 40 years of peaceful ruling throne passed to his son Chandragupta-2. Kumaragupta – I succeeded his father Chandragupta-II. The Haryanka dynasty was overthrown by the Shishunaga dynasty. Magadha at the time of Mahabharata. His wives were the twin princesses of Kashi. Due to the fertile soil, abundant water and skilled labour, this region had attracted colonial powers including the Dutch and the British in 18th Century. It is the birthplace of Jainism and Buddhism. Naga-Dasak was the last ruler of Haryanka dynasty. He tries to restored the glory of Patna(Pataliputra) and made it his headquarter. Although he conquered many provinces he still maintained the peace and amity among his people. He again married Khema of the royal house of Madra in central Punjab. In such situation Gopala raised to the power who founded the Pala dynasty around 750 CE. In the world history many kingdoms made by the swords but kingdom of Ashoka was built by the peace. Some of these kingdoms were related to him by blood but Ajatashatru is generally depicted as a cruel person not given to family niceties (he had deposed and imprisoned his father to ascend the throne). He reconquered all the lands of Mahadha, which was lost by successors of Ajatashatru. The capital of the Gupta Empire remained Pataliputra in Magadha. Now onwards our information about the political history are not full and find Magadha now not a hunter but prey to others ambitions. Then, Bimbisara married a princess of the Licchavi family of Vaisali named Chellana. After Alexander left for Greece, the departure created a power vacuum in western India. It also claims that Devpala exterminated the Utkalas(Rulers of current state Odisha), Conquered Pragjyotish, Shattered pride of Hunas, humbled the Loads of Gurjara and Dravidas. After Bindusara, his son Ashoka came to the throne. Frustrated over his inability, he retreated to the forest, eventually serving a rishi by the name of Chandakaushika. Brihadratha was the earliest known dynasty who ruled Magadha.

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